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Case Report: Red Light Therapy for Achilles Tendonitis
Patient History: 21-year-old collegiate football player with chronic Achilles tendon pain for 3-4 years, playing in his third college football program and has been treated for this condition at each of his previous institutions. He doesn’t recall any specific mechanism of injury, but states that he has pain while sprinting and jumping. Pain is at its worst upon waking in the morning and approximately 60-90 minutes into football practice. Treatment History: Pain medications, NSAIDs, Prednisone Taper, Rest, IASTM, Cupping, Eccentric Loading, Stretching, Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Injection, chiropractic care, shoe changes. Pain rises to 6/10 during football activities and cannot finish practice. None of the treatments that he has received at previous schools has improved pain. Current Treatment: Red Light Therapy was placed over his Achilles for 20 minutes daily at the end of his therapy session. Therapy sessions include daily soft tissue work (IASTM, joint mobilizations, stretching, etc), trunk stabilization exercises and strength training, including blood flow restriction training (BFR) 2-3 times per week. Over a period of 3-4 weeks, pain improved to peak levels of 2-3/10, which allowed him to resume full football training. After the initial treatment time, he stopped using BFR and gradually ceased regular therapy session, except for daily red-light therapy, which he preferred for pain control and overall healing. Five months after starting this treatment plan, he is pain free and playing football at a high level at a NCAA FBS school. Discussion: Patient was very skeptical of the treatment plan, having tried multiple other treatments without success. The combination of daily Red Light Therapy with Blood Flow Restriction training several days per week was a key differentiator from other treatments he had received. Red Light Therapy has been shown to reduce pain and normalize the inflammatory process, playing an important role in both increasing activity levels and optimizing tissue healing. BFR training has also been shown to improve tendon health over time, allowing it to be progressively loaded. Patient is grateful for the approach, as he is pain free for the first time in his college career. Summary of improvements over a 5-month treatment: 1. Decreased pain to 6/10 to 0/10 with all college football training activities.2. Improved ankle mobility.3. Can now play high level football without any modifications.4. Improved happiness and mental health with a new ability to play after having been unable to compete in several years. Conclusion: Red Light Therapy can be an important part of a comprehensive treatment plan for chronic Achilles Tendon Pain along with strength and mobility training in a NCAA FBS football player
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Case Report: Red Light Therapy for Post Operative Elbow Patient
Patient History: 17-year-old multisport high school athlete. Patient initially sustained a partial avulsion of the distal aspect of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) while playing summer travel baseball. He is a catcher and felt pain and mechanical symptoms after attempting to throw the ball to second base. Initial pain was rated at 7/10 and he had palpable pain over his distal UCL and spasm in his common flexors of his forearm. Patient also complained of neurological symptoms in his ulnar nerve distribution. Treatment History: Patient was initially treated conservatively with rest and not allowed to throw for approximately 4 months. He progressed back into lifting weights and football activities within approximately 4-8 weeks, using pain as his guide. During the spring season, he re-injured his elbow while throwing a baseball in from the outfield to home plate. Shortly thereafter, he had a UCL repair with an internal brace and ulnar nerve transposition. Current Treatment: Red Light Therapy was initiated approximately 24 hours after surgery to control pain, reduce swelling and optimize tissue healing. Minimal pain medications were used initially and completely eliminated 48 hours after surgery. Daily Red Light Therapy continued for approximately 4 weeks as range of motion, strength training and formal rehab began. Discussion: Patient recovered very well from a rather complex surgical procedure. His pain was minimal throughout the recovery process, his incision healed very quickly, and he initiated contact drills with his high school football team 3 months post-surgery. He continues to feel good and will initiate a return to throwing progression at approximately 5 months post operatively. He uses red light therapy as needed for soreness and irritation during the football season. Summary of improvements over 3-month treatment: 1. Minimized post operative pain.2. Optimized post operative incision healing.3. Moderated the inflammatory process to reduce swelling.4. Return to full football activities pain free at 3 months5. Improved mental approach to sports now that he can play without pain. Conclusion: Red Light Therapy can support tissue healing and pain control as part of a comprehensive post operative rehabilitation process in a young, healthy athletic population
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RLT in Your Clinic: Types of Red Light Therapy
Red light therapy comes in a variety of forms. All of them offer advantages for specific patients and situations. Knowing which red light tool to use in a specific situation can make a big difference in patient satisfaction and outcomes. Red Light Panel For many of us, red light panels were our first exposure to LED red light therapy. They are very accessible, versatile and of course, look great on social media. Red light panels are designed with a greater intensity of light as compared to red light wraps. Because of this, panels should not be used directly on the skin because it will increase the risk of skin irritation. They are designed to be placed 4-6 inches away from the treatment area. Panels allow you to treat a large area of the body, which is ideal for recovery and athletic performance enhancement applications. Because there is no direct skin contact, panels are also ideal for clinical settings where skin contact presents a lot of challenges. Panels also offer the ability to perform complimentary modalities, such as dry needling, IASTM, cupping or massage simultaneously. Red Light Wraps Wraps are intended to be placed directly on this skin, thus they deliver light therapy at a lower intensity for a slightly longer period of time in order to get to the prescribed overall dosage. Wraps are extremely portable, simple to use, safe and very affordable. All Fringe red light wraps are intentionally designed with a 2:1 ratio of near infrared light to red light. This allows the light to penetrate deep into ligaments, tendons, bones, and soft tissue. There are a variety of sizes and styles to pick from: Regular Wrap: This is the Swiss Army knife of red light therapy. It can be used virtually anywhere on the body for all kinds of conditions and injuries. The regular wrap is extremely affordable for clinics and patients alike. XL Wrap: A longer version of the red light wrap. The XL wrap works well on the spine, shoulders, hips and anywhere that you might want some extra coverage. Multi Joint Wrap: The multi joint wrap fits well on ankles, knees and elbows. It has integrated Velcro straps to help it fit snuggly over the joint, even while moving. The multi joint wrap also offers built in vibration, which is great for pain relief. Head Wrap: The head wrap is designed to promote brain health. It is ideal for treating headaches, concussions, MS, Parkinson’s, Autism, Anxiety, Depression and more. The head wrap utilizes 3 wavelengths of light (650nm, 850nm, and 1050nm) to ensure that the light is absorbed through the skull and into the brain. Face Mask: The face mask is designed with both red and blue wavelengths of light. The red wavelengths are ideal for encouraging collagen production and skin health. The blue wavelengths of light are anti-microbial, which will help with things like acne. The mask is designed in such a way that it won’t irritate the eyes while delivering healing light to the surrounding areas. Neck Wrap: The neck wrap is made to improve the health of the neck region. It will target both superficial and deeper tissues, such as the Thyroid. By improving the function of the Thyroid, patients will experience a wide array of health benefits. Pelvic Wand: The pelvic wand is one of the most innovative products that Fringe has to offer in their red light therapy lineup. The want is designed primarily for women’s pelvic health, helping to solve a variety of conditions that lead to pelvic pain and chronic infections. The wand emits both red and blue light and also offers vibration to further decrease pain. Pricing: All medical providers automatically qualify for wholesale pricing, making Fringe red light therapy products not only the highest quality on the market, but also some of the most affordable. To receive the discount (20-40% off depending on quantity purchased), clinicians need to register online at Fringeheals.com or contact customer service. Conclusion: There is a wide variety of options available for the clinician that is lookingto integrate red light therapy into their clinical practice. Choosing the rightoption will depend on the condition and body part being treated, theclinician’s specific treatment approach, and other variables such as cost. Regardless of what is going on with the patient, there is a good red light solution available today from Fringe.
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RLT in Your Clinic: Finances
Clinicians rarely get into their profession to make large amounts of money. Most do what they do because they love to help people. Unfortunately, patients don’t get helped if clinics can’t make enough money to keep the doors open, so we have to consider the financial aspect of any treatment tool. Overall, red light therapy offers a great opportunity for improved patient care, which “big picture” clinicians will recognize as the key to increased referrals and long-term financial stability. Here are some considerations as we look deeper into the financial implications of red light therapy. Billing Codes While many clinics have moved to a cash-based model, the majority of therapy clinics in the US are still insurance-based providers. Proper coding and billing is vital for these clinics to survive. Here are a few suggested codes that can be utilized for red light therapy. Keep in mind that laws vary state by state and by profession, so do your own research when considering billing for red light therapy or any new tool or modality. 97026 — Attended Infrared light therapy. This code is intended for older style heat lamp type infrared therapy; thus reimbursement can be a challenge at times with this code. 97032 - Attended electronic photonic stimulation per 15-minute increment. 97039 - Unlisted modality with constant attendance: Attended laser therapy. The unlisted nature of the code can result in rejection. 97112 - Neuromuscular reeducation with laser therapy per 15-minute increment. Cash As mentioned above, cash-based clinics are more popular than ever. It doesn’t work for everyone, but for a section of our population, cash practices offer a lot of advantages to both patients and clinicians. Cash-based practices typically make it easier to add new services and charges. Red light therapy can be offered as part of a package or hourly rate. When patients enter a cash-based practice, they typically expect to be able to pick and choose what they want for their care. Many insurance-based clinics offer cash pay options for poorly reimbursed services such as dry needling or kinesiology tape and red light therapy can fit into that model, if the clinic wants to pursue it as an add on cash sale. Retail Retailing product is a great way to improve patient outcomes, increase patient satisfaction, and generate revenue. As a patient’s medical provider, the clinician usually becomes a trusted source for information. When a patient finds that they like a specific treatment or tool, many times they want to purchase one for themselves. This is a great opportunity to offer a trusted product to them on the spot, rather than asking them to search online or at a store for a similar product. Also, many patients only make it into the clinic a few times per week, making home treatments options a great opportunity to get work done in between therapy sessions. Encouraging them to use red light therapy at home will result in better outcomes. Retailing red light therapy wraps in the clinic is a win for everyone involved. Part of Service The easiest way to integrate red light therapy into a clinical practice is to streamline it into the normal flow of the clinic. This is easily done by replacing hot packs and ice packs with red light therapy. Photobiomodulation will have similar pain-relieving effects as either tool, but with better tissue healing properties. Keep in mind that neither heat orice are reimbursed by insurance companies, so even if you don’t have success with insurance providers paying on red light therapy, the clinic is no worse off financially and the patient outcomes will certainly improve. Including red light therapy within the overall service of the clinic is the easiest and most efficient way to use red light therapy. Whether or not that results in increased direct revenue to the clinic is debatable, but what is certain is that there will be an improvement in pain, healing, inflammation and performance. Quality care always results in increased referrals by physicians, family members and friends. Conclusion Every clinic has their own strategies for monetizing their services to ensure the long-term success of the practice. Red light therapy can be used and billed in a variety of ways to not only improve patient outcomes but ensure the financial stability of the clinic.
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RLT in Your Clinic: How to Use It
With red light therapy being a new modality to most clinicians, many are wondering how to integrate this powerful tool into their clinical practice. These concerns are valid because many clinicians are naturally skeptical of new tools, as fads have come and gone over the years, and our society’s information overload leaves us unsure as to what we should and shouldn’t believe. Make no mistake, though, red light therapy is here to stay. With thousands of peer reviewed articles backing its use for all kinds of injuries and conditions, the research is too strong to ignore. Here are some recommendations on how to simplify the process of integrating photobiomodulation into a clinical setting. Treatment Flow The greatest treatment techniques and tools don’t matter if they don’t fit well into a clinic’s flow because they won’t ever get used. If clinicians don’t know how and when to use a tool or if that tool interferes with the clinician’s favorite techniques, it will sit idle on the shelf. One of the great things about red light therapy is that it does not interfere with other modalities. In most cases, red light therapy will actually enhance patient outcomes when combined with other tools. Feel free to use red light therapy along with other tools like IASTM, cupping, dry needling, massage, joint mobilizations and more. Multiple techniques can be used at the same time (typically using a red light panel) or consecutively within a session. Because photobiomodulation is non-thermal and very safe, there is virtually no downside to adding it to your therapy plans. An easy place to start with red light therapy is replacing hot packs and ice packs with red light wraps. Red light wraps offer low intensity light that is designed to be placed directly on the skin to deliver red and near infrared light to the treatment area. Traditionally many clinicians have used hot packs early in a treatment session in an effort to warm up local tissue to prepare it for activity. Many patients also experience a reduction in pain and soreness with heat, which is an added bonus. Red light therapy can be a better alternative to hot packs because not only will it feel warm (due to the near infrared wavelengths of light), but it will energize the local cells and prepare the body for activity, while reducing pain. Many of the same things can be said of ice. Rather than use ice and stim at the end of a treatment session to moderate soreness, red light therapy can be used to reduce pain and inflammation and promote healing, rather than slow it down, like ice has been shown to do. Simply replacing heat and ice with red light wraps offers a lot of upside for most clinics while keeping the treatment flows consistent. Passive and Active Uses A nice advantage of using red light wraps is that they can be used while performing active movements. The wraps are designed to fit snuggly over the body part that is being treated and held on with a Velcro strap. This means that patients can perform light exercises or activities of daily living while receiving a treatment. Of course they can also use red light therapy passively while on a table or receiving other modalities at the same time, but all of that comes down to the decision of the individual clinician in conjunction with the patient to help them reach their desired outcomes. Attended vs Unattended Uses Photobiomodulation is not new. Most of us have been exposed to it in the form of cold lasers. One advantage of cold lasers is that they deliver an intense form of light, so the treatment time can be very short (if you are only treating a small area). The downside to intense forms of light is that patients can be burned if the laser is used for too long on an area. Thus, it is recommended that lasers only be used by properly trained healthcare providers in a clinical setting. Red light wraps and panels deliver lower intensity light (as compared to lasers) over a longer period of time to achieve the proper dosage. Lower intensity light is ultra safe which makes photobiomodulation accessible to just about anyone. For the clinician, this means that red light therapy can be used as an unattended modality. A patient can be receiving the treatment on their own while a clinician tends to the needs of another patient. Red light therapy is also very safe when used at home. Usage Guidelines There are a few guidelines that consider when you start using red light therapy. Contraindications: There are relatively few contraindications for photobiomodulation. These include a pregnant belly, active cancer site, and patients with photosensitivity (either naturally or medication induced). The treatments may feel warm, but should not feel hot. If it does feel hot, consider shortening the treatment or turning down the intensity. Darker skin tones and tattoos will absorb light easier than fair skin, so you may need to adjust the overall dosage slightly based on these factors as well. Dosage: A standard treatment typically has a duration of 20 minutes. This timing can vary based on how acute the injury is and how the body responds to the modality. The more acute the injury, the lower the dosage should be (donsider full intensity x 10 min or 50% intensity x 20 min). Chronic conditions often need more light in order to reach a therapeutic level, so consider 20-30 minutes of treatment at full intensity to see results. Red light therapy should not be used more than once per day and can be used 3-5 times per week. Red Light Wrap Care Fringe red light wraps are made of high-quality neoprene with imbedded LED lights. It is an electronic device, so care should be taken when storing and cleaning them so they work well for the long run. Wraps should always be stored flat whenever possible. They should not be folded as this can pinch the wires and damage the LED diodes. Red lightwraps should not be submerged in water or other cleaning liquids, but they can be wiped down with disinfecting wipes in between patients. Fringe also has clear plastic covers that fit easily over their wraps. These covers are very durable and can be easily cleaned and disinfected. Fringe red light wraps come with a high-quality lithium-ion battery built in that is charged with a USB-C cord. A full charge lasts approximately 4-5 uses, making it accessible in virtually all clinics. Conclusion Red light therapy is highly effective, ultra safe, versatile, simple and can be used on a wide variety of conditions. This makes it extremely useful within a clinical setting and all therapists should consider integrating photobiomodulation into their daily workflow
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Full-Body Red Light Therapy: A New Era of Healing
Introduction: Expanding the Healing Spectrum at Fringe At Fringe, we’ve long championed the healing power of light. Our range of targeted Red Light Therapy (RLT) products—from wraps to panels to precision wands—has helped thousands address localized pain, inflammation, and skin concerns. But now, we’re expanding the possibilities of what red and near-infrared light can do. Introducing the Fringe Full-Body Red Light Therapy Mat. Designed to bathe the entire body in therapeutic light, this mat delivers two synergistic wavelengths: 660 nm (red) and 810 nm (near-infrared). It represents not just a new product, but a paradigm shift in how light can support systemic healing, energy regulation, and biological resilience. This blog explores the science behind full-body RLT, why it differs from localized therapy, and what makes the Fringe mat uniquely suited to support deep, whole-body regeneration. Take Me to the Mat! A Primer on Red Light Therapy (RLT) Red light therapy (RLT), also referred to as photobiomodulation (PBM), is a therapeutic intervention that uses visible red light (typically 620–750 nm) and near-infrared light (750–1400 nm) to stimulate biological processes in the body. Unlike ultraviolet (UV) light, which carries ionizing energy that can damage DNA, RLT uses non-ionizing wavelengths that gently interact with cells to support healing and regeneration. The primary target of red and near-infrared light is cytochrome c oxidase, a light sensitive enzyme in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. When activated by either red or near infrared light, this enzyme increases the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the molecule responsible for cellular energy. This upregulation of mitochondrial function can lead to wide-ranging downstream effects across multiple physiological systems. The therapeutic response to RLT depends on several factors, including wavelength, irradiance (intensity), energy density (dose), treatment duration, and tissue depth. Red light tends to be absorbed in the skin and superficial tissues, making it ideal for dermatological and surface-level applications. Near-infrared light, with its deeper penetration, is suited for reaching muscles, joints, and internal structures. Together, red and NIR light form a biologically compatible spectrum that can support healing from the surface to deeper tissues, making RLT a versatile and non-invasive tool for both targeted and systemic applications. The primary mechanisms by which RLT acts on a cellular level include: Increased ATP production Reduction in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers Enhanced blood flow and lymphatic circulation Stimulation of cellular repair and regeneration As detailed in our blog Top 10 Evidence-Based Uses for Red Light Therapy, RLT has been shown in hundreds of peer-reviewed studies to improve skin quality, reduce pain, accelerate wound healing, support neurological recovery, and more. Most clinical studies have focused on localized RLT, but a growing body of evidence suggests full-body delivery may unlock broader and more systemic benefits. What the Research Says About Full-Body RLT While much of the Red Light Therapy literature focuses on localized treatment—targeting a joint, a muscle group, or an area of skin—there is growing scientific interest in the systemic effects of full-body red and near-infrared light exposure. These studies investigate how full-body RLT influences outcomes like pain perception, inflammation, and functionality in arrange of different conditions. For example: In fibromyalgia, a clinical trial found that four weeks of whole-body PBM led to notable reductions in pain and enhanced quality of life in people with fibromyalgia. In addition, both kinesiophobia and self-efficacy improved in the short and long term, while pain catastrophizing showed sustained improvement at six months post-treatment. Patients with fibromyalgia receiving full body RLT perceived improvements in resilience, physical capacity, and quality of life. In COVID-19, use of either full body RLT or transcranial RLT improved cognitive function, reduced brain fog symptoms, and enhanced quality of life, with whole-body treatment offering systemic benefits. In athletic performance and recovery, full body RLT improved sleep quality and endurance performance over a multi-week training period. It also reduced post-exercise creatine kinase levels and inflammatory markers, suggesting enhanced recovery. It also resulted in immediate improvements in agility performance following a single full body RLT session. A systematic review of full body RLT for exercise performance and recovery concluded that whole-body PBM may enhance recovery, reduce muscle soreness, and improve sleep, although effects on performance vary depending on protocol. In skin health, a study using full-body RLT twice a week for 30 sessions significantly improved skin smoothness, texture, and overall appearance. Collagen density in the skin increased, while roughness and wrinkles decreased. These benefits were still present 60 days after treatment, and the control group saw no such improvements. In patients with cardiovascular disease, a study found that full body RLT using an LED bed reduced blood pressure in about two-thirds of participants with hypertension. The authors noted that heat from the bed may have contributed to this cardiovascular benefit. These research findings suggest that full-body RLT is not limited to surface-level benefits but can influence deeper biological systems such as pain signaling and sleep architecture. While most RLT research has traditionally focused on localized applications, these studies demonstrate the broad potential of systemic light exposure to support full-body wellness. Why Choose Full-Body Over Localized RLT? Full-body red light therapy offers distinct advantages that extend beyond what localized treatment can achieve. Here's why a whole-body approach is often preferable: Systemic and Holistic BenefitsFull-body RLT allows light to interact with and influence multiple systems at once—including the nervous, immune, endocrine, and circulatory systems. This enables the possibility of systemic (meaning whole-body) shifts that are harder to achieve with a localized panel or wrap. A great example of a systemic benefit relates to adipose tissue, which is distributed over the entire body. Red Light Therapy to the abdomen has been shown to have a positive effect on metabolism and inflammation in adipose cells, which could theoretically be even greater with full-body application. Improved Microcirculation and Oxygen DeliveryWhen light reaches tissues throughout the body, it can stimulate nitric oxide release, which induces vasodilation and increases blood flow. This supports better delivery of oxygen and nutrients across large areas—not just the treatment site. Autonomic Nervous System & Vagal Tone ModulationWhole-body RLT may also shift autonomic balance toward parasympathetic dominance, supporting vagus nerve tone and potentially impacting digestion, stress resilience, and inflammatory tone. Structured Water and Long-Wavelength NIRResearch suggests that near infrared light can influence the structuring of water within and between cells. These effects are linked to improved mitochondrial efficiency, protein folding, and overall biological coherence. Applying this wavelength across the entire body may offer systemic restructuring of biological water compartments. Convenience and ComplianceA yoga-style mat makes full-body therapy practical and accessible. Unlike panels that must be repositioned multiple times or wraps that only cover limited areas, mats invite effortless use. You simply lie down and let the light do the work. Uniform Coverage = More Consistent ResultsMany people struggle with dosing consistency when using targeted devices. With full-body RLT, the entire body is treated evenly, promoting balanced systemic signaling and eliminating the guesswork around where to aim the light next. Multi-Goal FunctionalityBecause it delivers light to skin, joints, organs, and fascia simultaneously, full-body RLT can support multiple wellness outcomes—such as pain relief, stress regulation, muscle recovery, and skin rejuvenation—in a single session. These advantages illustrate why full-body RLT represents a meaningful evolution beyond localized treatment. By supporting systemic biological processes, rather than focusing solely on symptom relief in a single area, full-body RLT invites a more integrative model of healing. It addresses not just where discomfort shows up, but the physiological imbalances that underlie it. Whether you're seeking deeper recovery, improved resilience, or foundational support for long-term health, a full-body approach provides a uniquely efficient and comprehensive therapeutic platform. Ready For Whole Body Healing? Light Intensity and Dosing Philosophy As described in our blog, Red Light Therapy Intensity: Why Higher Power Isn’t Always Better for Results, Fringe does not subscribe to the belief that higher light intensity is better. While many commercial devices advertise high irradiance values to appeal to consumers seeking fast results, we take a more evidence-informed approach. The bulk of published human studies demonstrating therapeutic benefit from red and near-infrared light use relatively low-to-moderate intensities, often between 10–50 mW/cm². Higher intensities may increase the risk of tissue overheating or photoinhibition—especially in full-body contexts where large surface areas are exposed. Excessively high irradiance can also create a biphasic dose response, where benefit diminishes or reverses beyond an optimal threshold. Our full-body RLT mat is designed to operate within a safe and biologically effective intensity range, supporting consistent mitochondrial activation without overstimulation. This philosophy is supported by research in which low-intensity, full-body RLT improved pain, recovery, and wellbeing without requiring high-output LED arrays. Why the Fringe Full-Body Mat Is Different The Fringe Full-Body Red Light Therapy Mat is uniquely engineered with two carefully selected wavelengths: 660 nm (red) and 810 nm (near-infrared), found at a ratio of 1:2 (red: near infrared). Each wavelength contributes distinct biological effects and penetrates to different tissue depths, making the mat versatile and capable of addressing surface-level and deep-tissue targets in one session. 660 nm (Red Light): A very well-studied wavelength, 660nm is well absorbed in skin and superficial tissues, making this wavelength ideal for improving skin tone, circulation, and reducing inflammation near the surface. It also supports collagen production, accelerates wound healing, and promotes dermal regeneration. The 660nm wavelength also reduces oxidative stress and improves functionality of tissues. 810 nm (Near-Infrared Light): A well-studied NIR wavelength that penetrates more deeply into muscle and connective tissue, 810 nm is widely known for its effects on mitochondrial ATP production, pain modulation, and nerve repair. It activates cytochrome c oxidase and is frequently used in both sport recovery and neurological research. This deeper-penetrating wavelength also interacts more with water, allowing it to reach deeper tissues with minimal scattering. It may influence the structure of intracellular and extracellular water, potentially enhancing mitochondrial efficiency and protein dynamics. This wavelength composition reflects a systems biology approach to RLT targeting not only the skin and muscle, but also the foundational structures and fluids that support human health. How to Use the Fringe Full-Body Mat To get the most from your full-body red light therapy sessions, consider the following evidence-informed guidance: Session Duration:Start with 10 to 20-minute sessions per day. This aligns with the duration used in most full-body RLT studies showing benefit for pain, recovery, and well-being. Frequency:Use 3–5 times per week. Like exercise, the benefits of RLT accumulate over time with consistent use. Clothing:While recent research has shown that near infrared light can penetrate through clothing, red light can’t, so to get maximum benefit from both wavelengths, exposed skin is ideal. Timing:Some users prefer morning sessions for energy and circadian rhythm alignment; others use it in the evening for relaxation and recovery. You can experiment with timing based on your goals. Consistency is Key:While even one session can feel rejuvenating, the deeper and more lasting benefits of full-body RLT - such as reduced inflammation, improved resilience, and better sleep - come with regular use over weeks to months. Explore a Whole New Way to Heal. Conclusion: A New Paradigm for Whole-Body Healing Targeted red light therapy has clear benefits, particularly for localized pain, injury, or skin concerns. But when the goal is broader—supporting whole-body energy production, recovery capacity, and systemic regulation—a full-body approach becomes especially relevant. Delivering light to a large surface area allows red light therapy to engage not only local tissues, but also circulating blood, immune signaling, and nervous system pathways that influence the body as a whole. The Fringe Full-Body Red Light Therapy Mat combines 660 nm red and 810 nm near infrared light to provide comprehensive, low-stress exposure across the entire body. This approach supports mitochondrial function, circulation, and nervous system balance without relying on high intensities or complex treatment strategies. Full-body light therapy offers a practical way to integrate red light therapy into daily life, supporting resilience, recovery, and cellular health from head to toe.
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Are EMFs Harmful or Healing? Understanding Natural, Manmade & Therapeutic EMFs
EMFs Friend or Foe? EMFs are a hot topic of discussion these days, especially on social media. Many people are (rightfully) concerned about excessive EMF exposure, but most are confused about exactly what EMFs are, the differences between man-made and natural (sometimes called native) EMFs, how they affect our biology, and how EMFs (good and bad) are produced by the myriad devices we use each day. In this article, we will dig into all of this and more, with the goal of educating and empowering consumers to make safe, healthy choices about EMF exposure. What are EMFs? EMFs are produced by the movement of electrically charged particles and consist of two inseparable components: electric and magnetic fields. When these fields oscillate, they travel through space as electromagnetic radiation. While some EMFs remain close to their source (like static electric or magnetic fields), others radiate outward and can interact with biological systems. Understanding how they behave - and how the body responds - is key to using them wisely. EMFs vary in characteristics, including: Frequency – how often the field oscillates per second (measured in Hz). Wavelength – the distance between wave peaks. Intensity – the strength of the electric or magnetic component. Waveform – the shape of the wave (sine, square, etc.). Coherence – how synchronized or orderly the waveforms are. Pulsing – whether the field is continuous or switches on and off rhythmically. Biological impact depends not only on these factors, but also on how close the field is to the body and whether exposure is short-term or continuous. These details matter more than whether an EMF is “natural” or “manmade.” Natural vs. Manmade EMFs Natural EMFs are those the body evolved with over millennia. Sunlight, for instance, provides visible light as well as invisible ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) rays. The Earth itself generates a powerful, steady magnetic field and a weak but essential electric field. Natural resonances like the Schumann frequencies pulse in extremely low frequencies (ELF), helping regulate brainwaves and circadian rhythms. These EMFs tend to be low in intensity, rhythmically patterned, and biologically coherent. They fluctuate in ways the body recognizes, often in harmony with other cycles, such as sunrise and sunset, weather systems, and seasons. They support functions like sleep, hormone balance, mitochondrial activity, and mood. Manmade EMFs have become a dominant presence in our environment over the last century. These include: Power lines and household wiring – Power lines emit ELF electromagnetic fields that oscillate in sync with the electrical grid. Power line fields are continuous and pervasive, especially in urban and suburban areas, while devices like power cords, and chargers emit ELF fields if they are powered. TV and radio broadcasts - Traditional broadcast systems use a wide range of radio frequencies to transmit audio and video signals. Though distant from the body and less intense individually, they contribute to the overall EMF environment. Cell Towers, Smartphones, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth - Cell towers and phones emit pulsed, modulated microwave signals for voice and data. Bluetooth is considered a low-power technology, but because devices like earbuds and wearables are in constant skin contact, biological exposure may be more significant than power levels suggest. Wi-Fi routers emit pulsed high frequency radiation to transmit date wirelessly throughout home and buildings. These EMF sources expose users to high frequency radiation almost continuously. Smart Meters - Smart meters emit sharp bursts of high frequency radiation, often hundreds of times a day, to transmit utility data wirelessly. Their signals fall in the sam range as Wi-Fi but are uniquely problematic due to proximity to living spaces and frequent pulsing. Appliances and electronics - Appliances and electronics often produce stray electric and magnetic fields, especially when plugged in. These EMFs differ not just in source, but in structure. They are often pulsed, modulated to carry date, emitted 24/7, and delivered at much higher intensities or in close contact with the body (such as ear buds or cell phones). They are biologically novel, meaning the body hasn’t had evolutionary time to adapt to them. EMFs emitted by these sources contribute to what is often called “electrosmog”, which can be described as an invisible haze of artificial electromagnetic radiation that now fills our homes, workplaces, and public spaces. As more wireless and electronic technologies are layered into daily life, the electrosmog EMF load continues to grow, creating a baseline level of exposure that is unprecedented in human history. To put this into context, it is estimated that exposure to EMFs around the 1Gz frequency band has increased by more than a quintillion times in just over a century. Therapeutic manmade EMFs, on the other hand, are intentionally designed to support health and healing. The two most used therapies are: Photobiomodulation Photobiomodulation is the use of specific wavelengths of non-ionizing light to influence biological function, particularly at the cellular level. The use of red and near-infrared light is commonly referred to as Red Light Therapy and is typically delivered through panels or flexible wraps. Research suggests that the most effective light intensities fall within a range that is comparable to safe levels of natural sunlight. By mimicking the wavelengths and gentle intensity of natural sunlight, these devices help recreate the EMFs of natural light in a targeted, therapeutic way. Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Therapy uses pulsing magnetic fields to stimulate biological processes in the body. While the Earth’s magnetic field is static and steady, PEMF therapy introduces rhythmic pulses to mimic natural patterns (such as biological electric rhythms), making the field dynamic and biologically engaging. By pulsing at frequencies that align with Earth-based rhythms, such as the Schumann Resonance (~7.83 Hz), PEMF therapy delivers magnetic fields designed to support cellular repair, circulation, and nervous system balance. Not All EMFs Are Harmful It’s easy to label all EMFs as dangerous, especially in a culture increasingly aware of electrosmog. But not all EMFs are harmful, and some are profoundly beneficial. Here’s what research has shown across the spectrum for the different types of EMFs present in our environment: Natural EMFs: Sunlight and Circadian Rhythms -Sunlight acts as the body’s primary circadian pacemaker, helping synchronize the sleep-wake cycle, hormone secretion, and metabolic processes through direct input to the brain’s suprachiasmatic nucleus. UVB and Vitamin D Production - Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation stimulates the production of vitamin D in the skin, which supports immune function, bone metabolism, and has been linked to improved mood and reduced risk of depression. Sunlight and Serotonin - Sunlight exposure may boost mood through mechanisms beyond vitamin D—specifically by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, a neurotransmitter associated with calmness, focus, and emotional stability. Schumann Resonances and Brain Activity -Schumann resonances—natural electromagnetic standing waves centered around 7.83 Hz—closely align with alpha brainwave activity and may play a role in regulating mental states, emotional balance, and sleep cycles. Earth’s Magnetic Field and Biological Regulation - The Earth’s static magnetic field, though constant and low in intensity, has been linked to biological processes such as orientation, circadian timing, and melatonin regulation. Some studies suggest it acts as a stabilizing background influence on the nervous system. Ionizing Radiation from Natural Sources - Not all natural EMFs are inherently beneficial. Overexposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause DNA damage, accelerate skin aging, and increase the risk of skin cancer. Other forms of natural ionizing radiation (like cosmic gamma rays and solar X-rays) can also damage cells and contribute to background radiation exposure. Therapeutic Manmade EMFs: Photobiomodulation – Photobiomodulation (especially red/near infrared light therapy) has been shown to reduce pain and inflammation, support healthy circulation, and speed up healing in both skin and deeper tissues. It works by improving energy production inside cells and modulating oxidative stress, making it useful for everything from muscle recovery to wound care. Studies also suggest benefits for mood, brain function, athletic performance, and skin rejuvenation. PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy) - PEMF therapy has been shown to reduce inflammation, increase blood flow, promote tissue regeneration, and even support healing of bone and tendon. It has been found to be helpful in supporting athletic performance, speeding recovery from exercise, and preventing injuries. Non-Therapeutic Manmade EMFs: Oxidative Stress - Exposure to non-ionizing EMFs, such as those from Wi-Fi and mobile devices, has been associated with increased oxidative stress. This oxidative stress can lead to cellular damage and has been implicated in various health concerns. Disruption of Calcium Signaling - EMFs can activate voltage-gated calcium channels, leading to elevated intracellular calcium levels. This disruption in calcium signaling can affect numerous cellular processes and has been linked to potential health risks. DNA Damage - Research indicates that exposure to non-ionizing EMFs can cause genetic damage, such as DNA strand breaks and chromatin conformation changes. Such genetic alterations may increase the risk of mutations and have been observed in various cell types. Circadian Rhythm Disruption – Although research has been mixed, EMF exposure may affect melatonin production and disrupt circadian rhythms. This interference with the body's natural sleep-wake cycle can have broader implications for overall health. Reduced Fertility - Studies have found that non-ionizing EMFs can negatively impact female reproductive health (including effects on oocytes, ovarian follicles, hormonal balance) and sperm count. These changes may lead to decreased fertility and other reproductive issues. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Many natural EMFs, like sunlight, are essential for human health. Therapeutic EMFs harness these beneficial frequencies and structure them in a way the body can use. On the other hand, non-therapeutic manmade EMFs - those not designed with biology in mind - have been linked to biological harm. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Manmade EMFs Done Right Not all EMF-based therapies are created equal. While devices used for Red Light Therapy and PEMF devices can offer profound health benefits, they can also unintentionally introduce harmful EMFs into the body—especially when the devices are poorly designed. High levels of magnetic field emissions, flicker, stray current, and wireless communication features like Bluetooth can all contribute to a hidden "EMF load" that undermines the very benefits these therapies are meant to deliver. Therapy that heals, not harms At fringe, we believe that therapeutic EMF devices should support the body, not stress it. That’s why our Red Light Therapy products are engineered with EMF-conscious design principles that prioritize user safety. By minimizing unnecessary electromagnetic exposure and mimicking natural EMF patterns in both wavelength and delivery, our devices provide powerful therapeutic benefits without adding to the invisible burden of electrosmog. Here's how we do it No Bluetooth or wireless connectivity – this eliminates constant RF emissions. External power supply on our panels – keeps electric & magnetic fields away from the body. Flicker-free light output – supports nervous system regulation & avoids sub-perceptual stress. Biomimetic wavelengths and irradiance – replicates natural red & near-infrared light from sunlight. Battery-powered wraps – eliminate wall current entirely for a low-EMF experience during use. Safe & biologically aligned Meanwhile, many "smart" therapeutic devices on the market prioritize app control and convenience over biological safety. These features often involve permanent Bluetooth or Wi-Fi connectivity, keeping RF radiation active near the body, even when the device is not in use. What’s marketed as “smart” is often out of sync with the body’s natural biology and may ultimately do more harm than good. When it comes to manmade therapeutic EMFs, smart design means staying close to nature and using modern engineering to deliver powerful, biologically aligned therapies without introducing avoidable stressors. At Fringe, that’s our commitment: Therapy that heals, not harms. Conclusion EMFs aren’t inherently friend or foe. They’re simply the products of nature and technology. Some are natural (like the rhythms of sunlight or the Earth’s magnetic field) while others (like the constant digital noise from wireless networks and power grids) can disrupt biological balance. The question isn’t whether EMFs are good or bad, it’s whether they’re in harmony with the systems our bodies are built to understand. At Fringe, our devices are built to emit EMFs that heal, not harm. We design every product with intention to reduce invisible stress, align with nature, and deliver therapeutic energy in its most biologically compatible form. Our Red Light Therapy products are designed with smart, low-EMF engineering: no Bluetooth, no flicker, external power supplies, and biologically aligned wavelengths and intensity. We believe therapeutic EMFs should support healing without adding to the body’s invisible electrosmog burden, and we build every product with that principle in mind.
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Light & Vibration Therapy – An Aid for Incontinence?
Urinary incontinence is one of the most common pelvic health issues affecting women in the US, with a recent survey finding that more than 60% report having the condition, and more than 30% report having symptoms at least every month. Despite the widespread prevalence, it remains a topic that most are reluctant to talk about. Whether it’s the occasional leak while laughing or a more persistent urgency that disrupts daily life, incontinence can erode confidence, limit activity, and affect intimate relationships. Despite how common it is, many women are left to navigate urinary incontinence alone, unsure where to go for support or what options are At Fringe, we believe that women deserve real, research-backed tools to care for their pelvic health from the comfort and privacy of their homes. The Fringe Pelvic Wand was designed with this in mind, and is a therapeutic device that combines red, near infrared, and blue light therapy with customizable vibration therapy to support pelvic tissue, muscle tone, circulation, and microbial balance. In this article, we’ll explore the science behind light and vibration therapy for urinary incontinence and describe how the Fringe Pelvic Wand can be a practical, empowering part of your daily pelvic health routine. Understanding Urinary Incontinence Urinary incontinence isn’t a single condition but rather a symptom with many potential causes. The two most common types include: Stress Urinary Incontinence: Leakage caused by pressure on the bladder during movement, coughing, or laughing. This is often due to weakened pelvic floor muscles or connective tissue. Urge Urinary Incontinence: A sudden, intense urge to urinate, sometimes followed by involuntary leakage. This is typically related to nerve dysfunction or overactive bladder signals. Factors like pregnancy, childbirth, menopause, hysterectomy, obesity, and aging all increase the risk of developing urinary incontinence. Conventional treatments range from pelvic floor exercises to medications, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. But many women are seeking non-invasive, natural tools to improve symptoms, especially those that can be used at home. That’s where light and vibration therapy come in. How Light Therapy Supports Pelvic Health Light therapy, also known as photobiomodulation, involves applying specific wavelengths of light to tissue to stimulate healing, reduce inflammation, increase circulation, and modulate biological processes. The Fringe Pelvic Wand includes three therapeutic wavelengths: Red light (630 nm): Promotes collagen and elastin synthesis, reduces inflammation, supports tissue healing, through mechanisms including mitochondrial energy production and improving circulation Near-infrared light (830 nm): Has affects similar to red light but penetrates more deeply. Blue light (415 nm): Offers antimicrobial effects, especially for yeast and bacterial infections So how does this relate to urinary incontinence? Improving Tissue Strength & Elasticity Red and near-infrared light have been shown to increase the synthesis of collagen and elastin. These proteins are integral to maintaining the strength of the vaginal wall and pelvic floor connective tissues, areas that are often weakened in women, especially those with stress urinary incontinence. Increasing Blood Flow These wavelengths also increase nitric oxide production, causing vasodilation and enhanced blood flow. Better circulation results in improved oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues, supporting healing and muscle function, which are both critical for proper bladder functioning. Blood flow may also increase through the synthesis of new blood vessels, a process called angiogenesis. Modulating Nerves & Pain Pathways In some types of incontinence, nerve signaling may be disrupted and pain pathways activated. Red and near-infrared light may modulate nerve activity and reduce local inflammation, which may help to reduce overactive pain or urgency signals from the bladder and pelvic floor. Supporting the Microbiome An often-overlooked component of pelvic health is the vaginal microbiome. Dysbiosis, or microbial imbalance, can increase susceptibility to infections, inflammation, and irritation. Blue light has been shown to reduce pathogens like Candida, while red light may support beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus which is important for microbiome health. Disruptions in the microbiome are a risk factor for urinary tract infections, which are a risk factor for incontinence. The Role of Vibration Therapy Vibration therapy offers a second therapeutic modality, especially valuable for activating and strengthening pelvic floor muscles, increasing circulation, and even reducing pain. The Fringe Pelvic Wand provides four levels of mechanical vibration, from gentle (10 Hz) to strength-building (120 Hz). Research shows: Low-frequency vibration (10 or 50 Hz): Helps relax tight pelvic floor muscles, improve proprioception, and increase blood flow High-frequency vibration (90 or 120 Hz): Stimulates reflexive contractions via the pudendal nerve, strengthening pelvic floor muscles in women who struggle with voluntary control How may vibration therapy help with urinary incontinence? Improving Tissue Strength & Integrity Vibration therapy, especially low intensity vibration, may have many effects on cells associated with the structural integrity of the female pelvis, including collagen and muscle. Stronger pelvic floor muscles are associated with reduced urinary incontinence. Increasing Blood Flow Vibration therapy may also increase blood flow, which may help to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the tissues of the pelvis and improve functioning of the bladder and pelvic floor muscles. Modulating Pain Signals Pain signals from the pelvis/bladder may be modulated by vibration therapy, including neuropathic pain, low back pain, and muscle pain. Urinary incontinence is associated with pain in conditions including interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome, vulvodynia, pelvic floor myofascial pain syndrome, and neurogenic bladder disorders like Multiple Sclerosis. Regulating Muscle Tone Balanced pelvic floor muscles with proper tone are essential for proper urinary continence. Vibration therapy may help both to decrease spasticity in muscles that are overactive, as well as improve voluntary muscle contraction, such as those of the pelvic floor, which are poorly controlled in between 30 and 50% of women. The Fringe Pelvic Wand: Dual Therapy for Urinary Incontinence The Fringe Pelvic Wand brings together red, near infrared, and blue light therapy with a range of customizable vibration modes from low to high in one comfortable, easy-to-use device. It was designed to meet a broad spectrum of pelvic health needs: + Light Therapy Specs Wavelengths: 630 nm (red), 830 nm (near infrared), 415 nm (blue) Intensity: 20–40 mW/cm² (adjustable to 50%) Built-in Timer: 10-minute automatic shut-off Modes: Mode 1: Red + Near Infrared Light (deep tissue healing) Mode 2: Blue light only (antimicrobial support) Mode 3: Red only (gentle tissue support for heat/light-sensitive users) + Vibration Therapy Specs Low amplitude, rapid acceleration Built-in Timer: 10-minute automatic shut-off Modes: Mode 1: 10Hz Mode 2: 50Hz Mode 3: 90Hz Mode 4: 120Hz This level of control allows you to personalize therapy sessions to your unique needs, including calming inflammation, strengthening muscles, balancing microbes, or all of the above. How to Use the Fringe Wand for Urinary Incontinence Here's a suggested routine to start with Pelvic Light & Vibration Therapy Safety Light and vibration therapies are well-established as safe, but here are a few precautions: Avoid use if you have known light sensitivity, or are on medications that increase sensitivity to light Don’t use on open wounds Only use water-based lubricants (oil-based can damage the silicone wand material) Check with your provider before use if you're pregnant A New Era of At-Home Pelvic Health Urinary incontinence is a highly prevalent condition that impacts millions of women, yet effective, accessible, and non-invasive treatment options remain limited. The growing body of scientific research surrounding light therapy and vibration therapy offers compelling evidence that these modalities may play a valuable role in supporting pelvic tissue health, improving muscle tone, modulating nerve activity, and restoring microbial balance, all of which are relevant to the underlying causes of incontinence. The Fringe Pelvic Wand was designed with these mechanisms in mind. It provides a multi-modal therapeutic approach that is grounded in emerging science, integrating red, near infrared, and blue light with adjustable vibration frequencies to support the complex structures and functions of the female pelvic floor. Whether used on its own or as a complement to pelvic floor physical therapy, the Fringe Pelvic Wand offers a novel, at-home tool for women seeking to improve urinary continence, restore comfort, and support long-term pelvic health. As with any health intervention, individual responses may vary, and we encourage women to consult with their healthcare providers when integrating new therapies into their wellness routines.
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Deconstructing Red Light Therapy Intensity: Why MORE Isn’t Always BETTER!
Red Light Therapy Intensity: Why Higher Power Isn’t Always Better for Results “High intensity, medical grade Red Light Therapy”. This is a statement that is often made about Red Light Therapy devices, implying that to see real therapeutic benefits, that a device must be really powerful. But is this actually true? What does the scientific evidence say about high intensity Red Light Therapy devices? Let’s dig into the research. But first, we need to define what light “intensity” is. Light intensity (also known as power density) describes the amount of light being delivered by a device. Also sometimes called irradiance, it’s usually measured in units called mW/cm2. Intensity is related to power, which is the rate at which energy is delivered, measured in Watts (W). If we look at that energy per square cm of exposure site, we get W/cm2, or mW/cm2 – our intensity. So, intensity is the amount of energy from a device at any given moment, and if we consider that as a function of time of exposure, we get the energy density (measured in J/cm2), which is the total energy delivered over time. This combination of intensity with exposure time is also referred to as the “dose” of light delivered by the treatment. Let’s dig into the assumption that higher powered devices are required to derive benefit by exploring five lines of evidence. 1. Where did the idea that high intensity Red Light Therapy is required for therapeutic benefit come from? This idea comes from the fact that for decades, virtually all research and applications of photobiomodulation were done with lasers, which are high intensity devices. Research into Red Light Therapy began in the 1960’s, and lasers dominated the field until around the early 2000’s, when LED’s (light emitting diodes) began to be studied. The scientific literature is comprised of around 85% studies using lasers as light sources, with the rest using LED’s. Companies making higher powered devices are often trying to get close to the power of lasers, citing laser research that shows benefits. However, hundreds of studies have now shown that LED Red Light Therapy yields many benefits, such as reducing pain and inflammation. And, LED’s have four important advantages over lasers: (1) they’re safer, (2) they’re cheaper, (3) they can be easily used at home, and (4) LED’s can cover a greater area of the body allowing more tissue to receive light. Given this, an important question for researchers in the field to address was whether the benefits of Red Light Therapy were specific to something about laser light, or whether those benefits could be replicated using LED’s. In 2018, an analysis that reviewed the comparative evidence of lasers versus LED’s concluded that “most of these comparisons provisionally suggest that lasers could indeed be replaced with LED’s without significant worsening of the results.” This is despite major differences in power outputs, which demonstrates that high intensity lasers are not required for therapeutic benefits. 2. Does the research on Red Light Therapy demonstrate that a certain intensity range is needed to observe therapeutic benefits? There is an excellent comprehensive database online of published photobiomodulation research studies that describes the details of thousands of Red Light Therapy studies. We can look at this database to compare the intensity (power) of studies relative to their results, and to see if there are clear trends, such as a requirement for high intensity/power to yield benefits. Most studies using LED’s have an intensity between 10 and 100mW/cm2 and are most commonly between 10 and 50mW/cm2. For lasers, the intensity is much higher, based on the different characteristics of the light produced. Positive results spanning a wide range of outcomes are observed, and there are no clear trends related to light intensity. Some studies use extremely low intensity LED lights, some use higher intensity LED lights, and some use high intensity lasers. Although studies of certain light intensities are sometimes used to support specific products, when you look at the totality of the research, the main conclusion that can be drawn is that exposure to red and/or near infrared light across a wide range of light characteristics, including intensity, yields biological benefits. 3. Can devices with different intensities be used to deliver the same “dose” of light? Theoretically, the time variable can be manipulated when using devices with different intensities to deliver the same “dose” of light. Mathematical calculations show that higher intensity devices used for shorter periods of time can deliver a comparable dose of light to lower intensity devices used for longer periods of time. However, some research has demonstrated that our bodies don’t seem to absorb photons the same way when they are delivered at a high intensity, suggesting that “dose” may not simply be a mathematical calculation of intensity and time. For example, a recent comprehensive review of studies of red light therapy for the brain found that “NIR light with low-power density (15–30 mW/cm2) is a more effective intervention than that with high-power density (40–90 mW/cm2)." 4. If low, moderate, and high intensity devices have been shown to deliver therapeutic benefits, are there reasons for preferring low or moderate intensity rather than high? Yes, there are reasons to prefer low to moderate intensity devices as compared to high. For example, high intensity light can increase oxidative stress, which is harmful to biological health. When wounds are treated with low/moderate intensity red light therapy, markers of oxidative stress initially increase and then decrease dramatically as healing progresses. However, when wounds are treated with high intensity red light therapy, oxidative stress remains high. Similarly, levels of antioxidant enzyme activity (which reduces oxidative stress) increase with low/moderate intensity red light therapy but not with high intensity light. This suggests that low/moderate intensity Red Light Therapy reduces oxidative stress, while high intensity Red Light Therapy may cause it to increase. High intensity light also carries a risk of heating tissues and causing thermal damage. 5. Are there biological reasons to expect that there could be an upper limit to Red Light Therapy intensity when it comes to therapeutic benefits? Yes! Researchers have carefully studied the biological effects of Red Light Therapy and have clearly concluded that “dose” matters. If the dose is too low, there is no benefit; similarly, if it is too high, there is also no benefit – and there is the potential for harm. This is called a biphasic dose response, also known as the Arndt Shulz law. Picture this as an inverted U curve. If the dose is too low or too high, there will be minimal response, but there is a relatively wide range of doses in the middle range that are beneficial. As described by Dr. Michael Hamblin, “It has been consistently found that when the dose of is increased a maximum response is reached at some value, and if the dose in increased beyond that maximal value, the response diminishes, disappears and it is even possible that negative or inhibitory effects are produced at very high fluences.” Because “dose” is a function of intensity and time, using high intensity devices for too long can easily yield a dose of light that will not be beneficial, and may even be harmful. These five lines of evidence clearly illustrate that the assumption that high intensity devices are needed to achieve benefit is not accurate. It is the dose that creates the benefit – and dose is a function of intensity and time. While it may be appealing to use a higher intensity light to get the treatment done faster, this carries risks including thermal damage due to heating tissues, as well as a risk of causing oxidative stress. The tendency when using a high intensity device – which would require a treatment time of only a few minutes (or even less) – is to overdo it. For at-home devices, low to moderate intensities leave more wiggle room in terms of both safety and benefits. Fringe Red Light Therapy Intensity Fringe Red Light Therapy products were designed to deliver light at an intensity of 20-40mW/cm2, which is the approximate intensity of the sun. This has been described as the “sweet spot” between higher intensities, which can have harmful effects, and lower intensities, which will have no effect at all. Although there are no clear distinctions between low, moderate, and high intensity devices, the intensity of Fringe Red Light Therapy devices would most appropriately be termed as low/moderate and stands in contrast to many devices on the market, which are 100mW/cm2 or even higher. At this intensity, our products can safely be used for treatment periods between 10 and 30 minutes, and our products are programmed with built-in timers to deliver a safe and effective dose of light. We verify the intensity of our products using third party testing, which is important because independent research has found that many commercial home-based Red Light Therapy products do not deliver light as advertised. Take Home Points The idea that high intensity Red Light Therapy devices are needed for therapeutic benefits originated from decades of research using high intensity lasers; however, subsequent research has demonstrated that lower intensity LED powered devices can yield comparable results. An analysis of the totality of published Red Light Therapy research (using both lasers and LED’s) shows that benefits can be seen when using devices that span a very wide range of intensity, from low to high. This is consistent with research that shows the effective “dose” of Red Light Therapy follows a U-shaped curve, with benefits spanning a wide range but which has a lower and upper limit. The “dose” of light is determined by its intensity and the treatment time, although research has shown that delivering light quickly using a high intensity device may not be as effective as delivering it more slowly using a lower intensity device, suggesting that the “dose” is not the only factor that determines benefits. High intensity light can increase oxidative stress and the risk of thermal damage, so care must be taken when using high powered devices to limit treatment times, which can be difficult to do when using at-home devices. The Verdict? Research evidence does not support the claim that high intensity Red Light Therapy devices are required for therapeutic benefits. Using low to moderate intensity devices yields results that are comparable to using high intensity devices, with some research even demonstrating greater efficacy. Low to moderate intensity devices also have the advantage of greater safety and can be safely used at home as part of a regular wellness regime. Choose a device that suits your needs and preferred treatment conditions, and which delivers both red and near infrared light at an appropriate intensity. Combine red light therapy with an anti-inflammatory diet and supplements, regular exercise, stress management, and good sleep hygiene for best results.
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